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The intensity of the war between Russia and Ukraine is expanding beyond the battlefield. Following the financial sanctions marked by SWIFT, the IT, automotive, chemical, media, sports, education, and entertainment sectors have also been sanctioned one after another, up to the "cut-off" sanctions in the energy sector. Recently, the rail sector has joined the ranks of these sanctions. The International Union of Railways UIC has kicked former Russian Railways RZD, Belarusian railroad company BCh kicked out of the UIC membership list. The war between Russia and Ukraine is expected to significantly impact the rail industry in the coming years, not only in Europe, and Azure Track Rail brings you a complete analysis.

Abstract: The pantograph is a piece of crucial traveling equipment for electrified railways. To ensure the safe and reliable operation of the contact network, we must improve the accuracy of the technical parameters of the pantograph maintenance in the process of contact network operation and maintenance and continuously improve the operation quality and safety reliability of the pantographs.